11 Science-Backed Ways to Boost Language Development
While it may take about a year (or more) to hear your little one’s first words, know that they have been honing their communication skills from the get-go. From the moment your baby is born, they are absorbing all the sounds, tones, and words around them, manipulating them in their growing brains to finally communicate with you. But do not be fooled! Your precious child is not a passive sponge, waiting to absorb All The Words. Instead, your small one needs your help to boost their language, comprehension, and speaking skills. Here, 11 scientifically proven ways to do just that.
Go all-in with babytalk.
The more you use so-called babytalk when communicating with your infant, the quicker they grasp language, notes a report in the journal Cognitive Science. Researchers found that favoring words that end in 'Y' (tummy, kitty, doggy, bunny, daddy) and those that repeat sounds (choo-choo, night-night) are the most effective. Earlier reports also found that exaggerating vowel sounds and raising your pitch are super-effective babytalk strategies. It’s no wonder, since experts say that babies’ brains show increased neural activity when they hear sing-songy babytalk versus boring ol’ grown-up speak.
Have baby conversations.
Starting at about 4 months old, your baby will begin to babble. (Squee!) But your baby isn’t being cute, just for the sake of being cute. They’re communicating with you...so talk back! After all, responding to your baby’s babbles with words and sentences leads to larger vocabularies down the road, according to research in the journal PLOS One. Keep the back-and-forth going as your tot grows. Conversations between little ones and their parents actually change a child’s brain, aiding language development, including vocabulary, grammar, and verbal reasoning, found Harvard researchers.
“Read” picture books.
Parents don’t need to read words off the page of a book to impart language know-how to their kiddos. No matter if you share a book with a story or a book with just pictures, your child will reap the language-building rewards, according to a study in the journal Frontiers in Psychology. Researchers found that tykes are privy to just as much sophisticated language and info when parents read picture books as when they read “educational” books. The reason? Parents tend to ask questions (Where do you think the squirrel is going?) and make related observations (We saw a squirrel this morning in our backyard!) when sharing picture books.
Read storybooks, too!
Reading Goodnight Moon to a wee infant may seem pointless, but rest assured, it’s not! Sharing books with your child beginning in early infancy increases vocabulary (and reading skills) four years later, according to researchers at NYU School of Medicine. But don’t stop there! Just one year of daily at-home read-alouds for a 4-year-old exposes them to 75,000 more words than if they weren't read to at all. (All those words bulk up a vocabulary and aid early literacy development.) Moreover, kids who live in literacy-rich homes (averaging about 5 books a day) start kindergarten having heard about 1.4 million more words than tykes who were never read to. To get even more out of your story time, try these activities.
Put books on repeat.
So you’ve got a giant bookshelf brimming with tons of wonderful stories, but your nugget is always picking the same darn book over and over again. (Gah!) But before you beg for a trade, know this: Research in the journal Frontiers in Psychology found that children learn more new words if a story is read to them multiple times than if several stories are read to them only once. So, yes, vary up your bedtime story go-tos…but only after you read Dragons Love Tacos three times in a row!
Name everything!
You know the drill: You’re strolling down the sidewalk with your little one and you spy a dog. Doggy! A little further down the road, zooms a fire truck. Fire truck! Later, you pop into the ice cream shop and hand over a cup brimming with mint chocolate chip. Ice cream! That instinct to call out the name to anything and everything you see is spot on. Research shows that when a grown-up labels various objects that they see with their child, their child is quite simply more likely to learn the word for that object.
Play pretend.
Getting down on the ground and playing with your tyke is always a good thing. And if you and your bub engage in what’s called symbolic play, well, that’s even better! Symbolic play is when you, say, pretend a banana is a phone, a block is a car, or a cardboard box is a rocket ship. Research has shown that when parents engaged in this type of make-pretend play with their 18- to 24-month-olds, they were more likely to ask questions, which led to way more conversations between the pairs, which (natch), lead to more language growth.
Embrace two languages.
If you know more than one language, go ahead and speak them all! Not only will you not confuse your budding linguist, but you’ll also actually improve your young one’s communication skills. Research in the journal Psychological Science has found that children growing up in multilingual homes are better at accurately deciphering what people are trying to say than children who are exposed to only one language. The kicker? Your kiddo doesn’t have to be bilingual to garner the benefit! It’s simply the exposure to more than one language that builds more effective communication skills.
Wiggle in new words.
Exercise, it seems, can help to improve a child’s vocabulary, according to a report in the Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research. Here, researchers found that kids aged 6 to 12 who swam after being taught several new words were 13% more accurate in follow up vocabulary tests than kids who colored. It’s thought that moving your body increases levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDFN) which, essentially, is brain fertilizer, helping littles encode new words. To get the most out of post-learning active-time, choose an exercise that your kiddo can do automatically, without much thought or instruction.
Start counting.
Learning your 1-2-3s can lead to knowing your A-B-Cs! Three- to 5-year-olds who engage in math activities at home improve their math skills (of course!), and their vocabulary, according to research out of Purdue University. No baby algebra required. Instead, it’s all about incorporating math concepts into the everyday, like saying “here are three apple slices,” counting the stairs as you climb, or asking how many dolls are on the bed. Investigators believe that math-talk spurs dialog between kiddos and parents that improve oral language skills.
Embrace some quiet.
For some, the low hum of the TV forever in the background is like grown-up white noise...but for toddlers, this type of sound is detrimental to language development, according to a study in the Journal of Children and Media. Researchers found that when TV was on in the background, parents spoke less than when the TV was off. This matters because parents talking is intrinsically linked with child language development.
Stumped how to keep toddler conversations going? Check out these excellent get-talking tips for ages 12 months to 5 years!
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